More than 65 million inpatient and outpatient surgeries are done each year at U.S. hospitals. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that the rates of surgical site infection (SSI) range from 2% – 3% of uninfected cases – actual rates, however, are probably higher. SSIs are associated with: 38% of all surgical-related nosocomial infections; other wound complications; 60% higher risk of an intensive care unit (ICU) stay; five times greater risk of readmission; a two- to three-fold higher risk of death; and Staphylococcus aureus most often.